The development history street light is history of entrepreneurship for pursuing a bright outdoor night and a history of the exploration of a better life for mankind.
15th century London – the earliest origin of street lamps
In 1417, in order to brighten the dark nights of London, London Mayor Henry Barton issued an order to hang lighting fixtures outdoors. Later, his initiative was supported by the French.
16th Century Paris – Street Lighting Act
At the beginning of the 16th century, lighting fixtures had to be installed outside the windows of the residential buildings in Paris. At Louis XIV, many street lights appeared on the streets of Paris. In 1667, Louis XIV, known as the “Sun King”, promulgated the Urban Road Lighting Act officially. Louis XIV was called the “Bright Age” in French history because of the promulgation of this rule.
1807 Lampu uap Inggris
Lampu jalan awal lemah karena menggunakan lilin dan oli biasa. Kemudian, kecerahan meningkat secara signifikan setelah beralih ke minyak tanah. Namun revolusi sebenarnya dari lampu jalan adalah munculnya lampu gas. Namun awalnya, penemunya, orang Inggris William Murdoch, diejek. Dalam surat kepada seorang teman, Walter Scott mengatakan bahwa ada orang gila yang menggunakan lampu jalan “asap hitam” untuk menerangi malam di London. Meski lampu jalan Murdoch telah menimbulkan banyak kontroversi, namun keunggulan lampu jalan ini tidak bisa diabaikan begitu saja. Pada 1807, lampu jalan baru dipasang di Jalan Pomeranian dan dengan cepat menjadi populer di ibu kota Eropa.
1843 Lampu minyak tanah Shanghai
In 1843, the first street lamp appeared on the streets of Shanghai, China. Although it was ignited by kerosene, it was more sacred than the moonlight in people’s minds. Later, the streetlights in Shanghai’s concession were changed to gas lamps. It was transplanted from London. The brightness was several times higher than that of kerosene lamps. In the eyes of pedestrians at night, it was simply the “sun” at night.
Until 1879, Shanghai Ponte Dock finally illuminated China’s first electric light, equipped with a 10-horsepower internal combustion engine generating unit, equivalent to the power of a walking tractor. The initial road light is equipped with a switch on each pole. It still needs to be manually turned on and off every day. After 3 years, it is replaced by a plurality of street lamps. This type of street lamp is used in the 20th century in various cities across the country.
Lampu sirkuit 1873
Sejarah penerangan listrik manusia terkait erat dengan nama kedua penemunya, Alexandre Lotkin dari Rusia dan Thomas Edison dari Amerika. Pada tahun 1873, Alexandria Lodkin menerima Hadiah Lomonosov dari Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Petersburg untuk mendesain bola lampu pijar. Segera, bola lampu ini diaplikasikan untuk penerangan Gedung Angkatan Laut Peterborough. Beberapa tahun kemudian, Thomas Edison memperbaiki bohlam agar lebih ringan dan lebih murah untuk diproduksi. Dengan munculnya sejumlah besar bola lampu, lampu gas dengan cepat ditarik dari penerangan jalan, dan lampu listrik diganti, menjadi alat penting untuk penerangan luar kota pada malam hari.
1959 Perdana Menteri Zhou secara pribadi menyetujui Lampu Jalan Tiananmen
On the eve of the 10th anniversary of the founding of China, Beijing carried out the construction of the top ten buildings and Tiananmen Square. The street lights of Chang’an Street were also designed and manufactured at this time. At that time, there were a lot of street lighting design schemes on Chang’an Street. The lotus lamp and the cotton lamp shape used now are still personally approved by Premier Zhou.
In the 1960, the front area were installed 23 fluorescent street lights. This is the first time that Beijing has tried a new light source, which has greatly improved the illumination of street lamps.
Light source technology upgrade after the 1990s
With the advent of new light source technology, it has gradually upgraded to high-intensity gas discharge lamps and LED street lamps.
In 1993,the concept of smart city is quietly emerging in the world. Many developed countries actively carry out the construction of smart cities, and organically connect the information of public service resources such as water, electricity, oil, gas and transportation in the city through the Internet, and respond intelligently. Better serve the needs of citizens in learning, living, work, medical care, etc., as well as improve government management of traffic, environmental control, etc.
In 2006, the European Union launched the European Living Lab organization, which uses new tools and methods, advanced information and communication technologies to mobilize all aspects of “collective intelligence and creativity” and provides opportunities to solve social problems. The organization also launched the European Smart City Network.
In 2008, IBM put forward the concept of “smart planet” at the Foreign Relations Council in New York, which led to a boom in smart city construction.
In 2010 IBM officially put forward the vision of “Smart City” and hopes to contribute to the development of the world and China’s cities.
In 2013, More than 400 cities around the world compete for the most savvy city titles. The last seven cities were selected: Columbus, Ohio, Oulu, Finland, Stratford, Canada, Taichung, Taiwan, Tallinn, Estonia. Taoyuan County, Taiwan, Toronto, Canada.
On April 7, 2015, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Science and Technology announced the third batch of national smart city pilot lists, and identified 84 cities (districts, counties, and towns) such as Mentougou District in Beijing as the new pilot of the national smart city in 2014, and will come in 2013. The country has approved a total of 290 smart city pilots.
The construction of smart cities has become an irreversible historical trend in the development of urban cities in the world. Smart cities need smart street lights. Street lamps carry more than just lighting, and there are more demands for human wisdom and a better life. Smart streetlights have become the most natural entry point for the construction of smart cities. It illuminates the road of smart city construction and points out the direction for the builders of smart cities.
Until 2019, streetlights have evolved toward a multi-functional collection. Modern street lights can expand a lot of functions, can be connected to CCTV, air quality detection probes, light sensor probes, infrared sensor probes, solar panels, wireless signal transmitters, and even lamp body advertising. These functions come together to form the basis of a modern smart city.
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